Asphalt pavement is the most widely used high-grade pavement in road construction, and the vast majority of transportation roads in China use asphalt concrete pavement. Asphalt concrete pavement is increasingly being applied in road construction due to its many advantages and characteristics compared to simple concrete pavement.

目前，随着公路交通量日益增大，重载车辆、超载现象十分严重，加以受路面结构、气候、地形、地质条件、行车荷载等多种环境因素的影响，其基层不论是柔性的还是半刚性的，都会产生不同程度各种形状的裂缝。初期裂缝对公路沥青路面的使用性能常无明显影响，但随着表面雨水或雪水的侵入，使处于开裂状态下的路面病害日趋严重，特别是使裂缝附近路基的含水量加大，甚饱和，在大量行车荷载的作用下，产生沉陷、冲刷和翻浆等病害，严重影响公路沥青路面的使用性能。有效处治各种路面裂缝，防止路表水顺裂缝进入到基层，同时也防止地下水顺裂缝进入到路表面，可明显延长路面使用寿命。

At present, with the increasing traffic volume on highways, the phenomenon of overloaded vehicles and overloading is very serious. Affected by various environmental factors such as road structure, climate, terrain, geological conditions, and driving loads, the base layer, whether flexible or semi rigid, will produce cracks of varying degrees and shapes. The initial cracks often have no significant impact on the performance of highway asphalt pavement, but with the invasion of surface rainwater or snow water, the pavement diseases in the cracked state become increasingly serious, especially the increase or even saturation of the moisture content of the roadbed near the cracks. Under the action of a large amount of driving loads, diseases such as settlement, erosion, and frost heave occur, seriously affecting the performance of highway asphalt pavement. Effectively treating various road surface cracks, preventing surface water from entering the base layer along the cracks, and also preventing groundwater from entering the road surface along the cracks, can significantly extend the service life of the road surface.

一般来说，沥青混凝土路面裂缝大体分为两种类型。

Generally speaking, cracks in asphalt concrete pavement can be roughly divided into two types.

种是荷载型裂缝：即主要由于行车荷载作用下产生的裂缝。在车辆荷载作用下，半刚性基层底部产生拉应力，如果拉应力大于基层材料的抗拉强度，则基层底部很快开裂，直影响到沥青面层。

The first type is load type cracks: cracks mainly generated under the action of driving loads. Under the action of vehicle loads, tensile stress is generated at the bottom of the semi rigid base layer. If the tensile stress is greater than the tensile strength of the base material, the bottom of the base layer will quickly crack until it affects the asphalt surface layer.

第二种是非荷载型裂缝：以温度裂缝为主的低温收缩裂缝和温度疲劳裂缝；由于施工工艺不当或用了不合格材料产生的裂缝。

The second type is non load type cracks: low-temperature shrinkage cracks and temperature fatigue cracks mainly composed of temperature cracks; Cracks caused by improper construction techniques or the use of substandard materials.

两种类型的裂缝分别通过横向裂缝、纵向裂缝、网裂和反射裂缝等形式表现出来。

Two types of cracks are manifested through transverse cracks, longitudinal cracks, mesh cracks, and reflection cracks, respectively.

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