沥青和沥青混凝土的主要区别在于它们的使用目的和材料组成：

　　The main difference between asphalt and asphalt concrete lies in their purpose of use and material composition:

　　使用目的：

　　Purpose of use:

　　沥青是一种粘稠的物质，用作道路铺设时的结合剂，提高路面的稳定性和耐久性。

　　Asphalt is a viscous substance used as a binder in road paving to improve the stability and durability of the road surface.

　　沥青混凝土是将加热的骨料、填充剂和沥青按一定比例混合后，经过压实形成的材料，用于铺设道路表面。

　　Asphalt concrete is a material formed by mixing heated aggregates, fillers, and asphalt in a certain proportion and compacting them, used for laying road surfaces.

　　材料组成：

　　Material composition:

　　沥青是主要的结合材料，可以是石油沥青、煤沥青、天然沥青或渣油等。

　　Asphalt is the main binding material, which can be petroleum asphalt, coal tar pitch, natural asphalt, or residual oil.

　　沥青混凝土由粗集料（如碎石或轧碎砾石）、细集料（如石屑或砂）、矿粉和沥青组成，有时还会加入聚合物和木纤维素等添加剂以改善性能。

　　Asphalt concrete is composed of coarse aggregates (such as crushed stone or crushed gravel), fine aggregates (such as stone chips or sand), mineral powder, and asphalt, and sometimes additives such as polymers and wood cellulose are added to improve performance.

　　性能特点：

　　Performance characteristics:

　　沥青路面具有较好的柔韧性，能够适应路基、地基的不均匀沉降，并且修复速度快。

　　Asphalt pavement has good flexibility, can adapt to uneven settlement of roadbed and foundation, and has fast repair speed.

　　沥青混凝土路面具有较小的空隙率，不透水，耐久性较好，但其造价和维护成本通常高于沥青路面。

　　Asphalt concrete pavement has a small void ratio, is impermeable, and has good durability, but its cost and maintenance cost are usually higher than asphalt pavement.

　　使用寿命和维护：

　　Service life and maintenance:

　　沥青路面的使用寿命相对较短，容易受到温度变化的影响，冬季易脆裂，夏季易软化，且耐老化性差。

　　Asphalt pavement has a relatively short service life and is easily affected by temperature changes. It is prone to cracking in winter and softening in summer, and has poor aging resistance.

　　沥青混凝土路面的使用寿命较长，强度高、稳定性好，耐久性好，养护费用低，适合承受重载交通。

　　Asphalt concrete pavement has a long service life, high strength, good stability, good durability, low maintenance costs, and is suitable for withstanding heavy traffic.

　　沥青和沥青混凝土都是道路建设中常用的材料，具体使用哪种材料取决于工程要求、预算和维护成本等因素

　　Asphalt and asphalt concrete are commonly used materials in road construction, and the specific material used depends on factors such as project requirements, budget, and maintenance costs

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