行业资讯
沥青混凝土的使用特点以及如何施工
来源：/ 日期：2023-03-17
一，沥青混凝土都有哪些特点?
1、 What are the characteristics of asphalt concrete?
1、沥青路面具有高温稳定性;
1. Asphalt pavement has high temperature stability;
2、沥青路面具有低温抗裂性;
2. Asphalt pavement has low temperature crack resistance;
3、沥青路面具有水稳定性;
3. The asphalt pavement has water stability;
4、沥青路面要具有耐疲劳性。
4. Asphalt pavement shall have fatigue resistance.
二，济南沥青混凝土如何进行施工?
2、 How to construct asphalt concrete in Jinan?
半柔性路面的施工主要是母体沥青混合料面层的铺筑和水泥砂浆灌注是两个主要的阶段。因为由于半柔性路面的设计要求和设计方法跟一般沥青路面的不一样，而且其中涉及到水泥砂浆的灌注这一道工序，所以半柔性路面的施工方法也跟一般沥青路面的施工方法较为不同。
The construction of semi flexible pavement mainly involves the paving of the parent asphalt mixture surface layer and the pouring of cement mortar, which are two main stages. Because the design requirements and methods of semi flexible pavements are different from those of ordinary asphalt pavements and involve the process of pouring cement mortar, the construction methods of semi flexible pavements are also relatively different from those of ordinary asphalt pavements.
目前根据半柔性路面混合料的特点，以及国外实施半柔性路面施工的经验，半柔性路面的施工各过程的要点简述如下：
According to the characteristics of semi flexible pavement mixtures and the experience of implementing semi flexible pavement construction abroad, the key points of each process of semi flexible pavement construction are summarized as follows:
多孔的母体沥青混合料路面的施工过程应该包括以下五个方面：
The construction process of porous parent asphalt mixture pavement should include the following five aspects:
1、多孔母体沥青混合料的拌制、运输、摊铺和压实;
1. Mixing, transportation, paving and compaction of porous parent asphalt mixture;
多孔母体沥青混合料铺设的质量，将直接影响到半柔性路面的使用性能，因此，在铺设时应该特别注意平整度等方面的质量管理。另外，为了防止灌入的水泥砂浆渗透到多母体沥青混合料铺装层以下的基层内，在铺设前一定要认真的检查基层的密实情况，必要的时候可加设隔离层。
The quality of porous matrix asphalt mixture paving will directly affect the performance of semi flexible pavement. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the quality management of smoothness and other aspects during paving. In addition, in order to prevent the injected cement mortar from penetrating into the base layer below the multi parent asphalt mixture pavement layer, it is necessary to carefully check the density of the base layer before laying, and if necessary, add an isolation layer.
2、水泥胶浆的制作：
2. Production of cement mortar:
在进行加水之前应该先将其它的材料拌和1～2min直均匀，再加水拌和2～3min，搅拌直材料均匀且一致，即可制作成水泥砂浆。如果要求达到某种景观的效果，可以与矿粉一起加入一定成份的颜料(色粉)进行拌和(在一些功能铺装中经常采用这个办法为路面着色，形成彩色路面)。
Before adding water, other materials should be mixed for 1-2 minutes until they are uniform, and then water should be added to mix for 2-3 minutes until the materials are uniform and consistent. Cement mortar can be produced. If it is required to achieve a certain landscape effect, it can be mixed with mineral powder by adding a certain component of pigment (toner) (this method is often used in some functional pavements to color the road surface and form a colored road surface).
3、水泥胶浆的灌入：
3. Filling of cement mortar:
钻芯取样，测定已经铺好的半柔性路面母体沥青混合料的空隙率。以此来作为控制填充水泥砂浆的用量与技术指标设计的参数，控制水泥砂浆的流动度，以保证水泥砂浆的渗入。根据渗透的深度、母体开级配沥青混合料的空隙率以及砂浆损失率等，因素计算确定。砂浆的损失率一般为10%左右。
Drill core samples to determine the void content of the paved semi flexible pavement parent asphalt mixture. This is used as a parameter to control the amount of cement mortar to be filled and the design of technical indicators, and to control the fluidity of cement mortar to ensure its penetration. Factors such as the depth of penetration, the porosity of the parent open-graded asphalt mixture, and the mortar loss rate are calculated and determined. The loss rate of mortar is generally around 10%.
碾压时，要保持碾压轮湿润。当大面积施工时，水泥砂浆的灌入可参照国外半柔性路面的施工方法，采用特制的水泥砂浆喷洒车进行喷洒灌入。由于水泥砂浆喷洒车可以在喷洒的过程中边喷洒边搅拌，所以能够保证水泥砂浆的流动性和均匀性，从而防止水泥砂浆中砂的沉积，施工质量会相对较高。
During rolling, keep the rolling wheel wet. When constructing in a large area, the pouring of cement mortar can refer to the construction methods of semi-flexible pavement in foreign countries, and a special cement mortar spraying truck can be used for spraying and pouring. As the cement mortar spraying truck can spray and mix during the spraying process, it can ensure the fluidity and uniformity of the cement mortar, thereby preventing the deposition of sand in the cement mortar, and the construction quality will be relatively high.
4、刮除多余的浆料：
4. Scrape off excess slurry:
在渗透完毕后，用路耙将残余在沥青路面表面上的水泥砂浆干净，好能够暴露出母体沥青混凝土表面的凹凸不平，防止水泥砂浆一旦残留在铺装面上，可能在一定程度上影响路面的外观，降低沥青路面的抗滑性能。如果对防滑和外观有特殊的要求时，可以采用石英砂打磨除去剩余的水泥砂浆，这个需要根据材料以及施工的方法来对待。
After the penetration is completed, use a road rake to remove the cement mortar remaining on the asphalt pavement surface, so as to expose the unevenness of the parent asphalt concrete surface, and prevent the cement mortar from remaining on the pavement surface, which may affect the appearance of the pavement to a certain extent and reduce the skid resistance of the asphalt pavement. If there are special requirements for slip resistance and appearance, quartz sand can be used to polish and remove the remaining cement mortar, which needs to be treated according to the material and construction method.
也可在水泥浆体灌注完毕后，待初凝后将表面清理干净，将缓凝剂喷洒在路表面上，后在内部水泥浆体终凝以前将表面的水泥浆用水冲洗干净，这样即可以保证下层水泥浆体的强度，又能保证路表面色泽的均匀性。但是在此之前，禁止人员与车辆通行。
Alternatively, after the completion of the cement slurry pouring, the surface can be cleaned after the initial setting, and the retarder sprayed on the road surface. Then, before the final setting of the internal cement slurry, the surface cement slurry can be washed clean with water, which can not only ensure the strength of the underlying cement slurry, but also ensure the uniformity of the road surface color. However, until then, personnel and vehicles are prohibited from passing through.
5、养生
5. Health preservation
对渗透浆料要进行一定时间的养生。当施工的气温在30℃以下时，则不需要特殊的养生方式;而施工的气温在30℃以上时，则有必要使用塑料薄膜来进行养生。养生时间应该根据浆料的性质而不同，通常在2～3d后便可开放交通，如果在砂浆中使用早强水泥或掺加早强剂，则可能在数小时后开放交通。待浆料硬化后即可开放交通。
The permeable slurry shall be cured for a certain period of time. When the construction temperature is below 30 ℃, there is no need for special curing methods; When the construction temperature is above 30 ℃, it is necessary to use plastic film for curing. The curing time should vary depending on the nature of the grout, and traffic can usually be opened after 2 to 3 days. If early strength cement or early strength agent are used in the mortar, traffic may be opened after a few hours. After the slurry has hardened, traffic can be opened.
This concludes the use characteristics of asphalt concrete and how to construct it. If you have any doubts or needs about this, please feel free to contact us ！
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